Musical Instrument of Kutch

 The Happy go lucky attitude of the Kuchi have facilitated them to come up with various means for leisure activities. Some of them include drama, games, and story telling, as well as music. Them all these, music plays an integral parts of the entertainment process.

Bhorr & Bhorrinbo
In Kutch, it is known as Bhorrindo, while in other part of Sindh, it is also known as Borrindo or Borendo. Bhorrindo is known in the western world as Ochirina or Ocarina. It is very ancient folk instrument of music. Bhorrindo is a simple hollow clay ball or like an egg shaped with three to four holes, one somewhat larger than others. The holes are arranged in an isosceles triangular form. The Bhorrindo is made out of soft alluvial clay.

The sound notes are produced by blowing somewhat horizontally into the larger hole. Finger tips are placed on the smaller holes to regulate the notes. It is easy to play and hence its popularity among children and young who sound sweet notes on it while grazing the cattle.

Dak or Dakul
Dak or Dakul belongs to the Damru Family. The shape of the Dak or Dakul is similar to the shape of the Damru, but bigger in size sometimes. It is played to create a horrifying atmosphere.

The body of the Dacca or Dakar is made of an hour-glass frame with vellum drum heads. The heads are usually of calf skin, tied to hoops on both sides and braced and tightened with ropes. It is struck only one side either by hand or by stick. The cords are pressed and released in quick succession to give varying degrees to tension to the skinheads effecting changes in tonal sound. The Dak or Dakul is mainly used by the medicants and jugglers of the Bhuva community. These Bhuvas play the Dak or Dakul at the time of elimination of the elements like ghost etc. Dak is also played while Observing tantrik-cult.

Dholak
Dholak is one of the most important folk instruments of membraphonic class. It is used for accompaniment for singing and dancing. As such it is accepted as a percussion instrument for varied kinds of music, from modern film music to simple folk songs and dan. The shell or the main body of the Dholak is hollowed out of a solid block of wood, over the two usually equal size open ends of the hollowed cylinder; parchment is stretched by tightening cords of braces, through leather hoops on both sides. To achieve tonal variation between the two heads, generally a past of flour and iron filing is fixed on the parchment of the left side to permanently lower the tension of the left side head. Moreover small circular metal rings, loop or wooden pieces are passed through the braces which can be pulled on either side, to increase or decrease the tension of the heads. The right head is kept in high pitch and the left head is kept in low pitch. It is struck on both sides by the hands, fingers, knuckles and part of the palm. A metal ring is sometime tapped on the shell of the instrument.

Duff
Duff is an important folk instrument of rim-variety. It is an outdoor instrument and is used mainly for accompaniment with folk dance. Duff consists of an open circular frame of wood which is covered with skin on one side. The diameter of the Duff varies from three inches to three feet. Duff can be played either with the hand or with sticks. The Duff is played on many festive occasions like Holi, Muharram procession etc.

Damaru
The origin of the Damru has been attributed to great antiquity and its significance in Indian mythology has been cemented upon by scholars. Damru is associated with Lord Shiva in Hindu mythology. It is said that Lord Shiva played Damru at the time of tandem-nritya. The Damru is also represented as an attribute of Shiva Natraja in ancient sculptures.

For more visit the link below:
https://www.indianetzone.com/20/musical_instrument_kutchi_people.htm

Palmistry, Astrology

 

 Palmistry or ‘Hasta Rekha Vigyan’ is the most popular branch of Samudrik Shastra. The original Samudrik Hasta Rekha embodies Vedic philosophy within itself in a coalition with all the cosmic forces available. Up to 153 lines are recognized and studied well in the palm. A more spiritual insight in the readings is done by defining and studying the Atma Rekha.

Basics of Palmistry
The art of analyzing the Palm as a blueprint of a person’s past, present, future, karmas and personality and life issues originated in the ancient mystique land of India. The hands of every individual are the constant recipients of the continuous flow of electrical impulses from the brain. The coordination between the conscious and subconscious mind with that of the hands is almost miraculous. The nerve endings and energy flow in the palm is responsible for etching out the presence of lines and mounts on them. Studying these lines and other signs to know the details about a person comes under the practice of palmistry. Every sign in the palm foretells something about the characteristic, talents, strengths etc. of a person. Since the free will of the person is the most important cosmic force of all, palm lines and signs are changeable through the changing circumstances in human life.

Features of Palmistry
Palmistry commences with the obvious things and goes forward with countless elaborate affairs followed by proper judgment and elucidation that lead to the ultimate foretelling of an individual. The hands of individuals are reckoned as active and passive hands. In Palmistry, the passive hands are of great importance as it has been considered that the passive hands transmit innate human characteristics and the active hand entails the ‘karma’ of the individuals. Even as per Vedic Palmistry, the passive hands convey the karmic imprint of a person or the past life of a person. The study of Palmistry is dependent on reading the mounts of the palm, the lines in the palms, and the structure of fingers.

Techniques of Palmistry
In palmistry, the reader usually starts reading the dominant hand of the person which is the hand an individual uses the most. It is believed that this hand represents the conscious mind which the other one signifies subconscious mind. However, according to some traditions, the other hand is believed to carry hereditary or family traits. Some also believe that it conveys information about past life. The choice of hand depends entirely on the instinct and experience of the practitioner. The left hand is generally controlled by the right brain and is believed to reflect the inner person, the lateral thinking and the natural self. On the other hand, the right brain is controlled by the left brain and is thus indicative of the outer person, the influence of experience, education and social environment and linear thinking.

For more visit the link below:

https://www.indianetzone.com/2/palmistry.htm

Golf in India

  

Golf is India is one of the oldest and widely played games in India. Indian Golf has earned a lot of recognition and reputation all over world since its inception.

History of Golf
The history of Golf dates back to several centuries ago. Though the exact timing of the inception of Golf is known, it is thought that Golf was conceived around 600 years ago. However, the history of Golf in India is not that much old. The Indians started playing the game during the first half of the nineteenth century. The first ever Golf Club of India, named the Royal Calcutta Golf Club (RCGC) was established in the year 1829 and heralded the journey of Golf in India. India has the distinction of being the first country outside Great Britain to start playing Golf. The RCGC is also considered to be the first ever Golf Club outside Great Britain. After the formation of RCGC, a large number of other Golf Clubs started to be established in India during the nineteenth century. As, India was under British rule at that time, most of the Golf Clubs in India were being run and managed by the British people. Some of the most ancient Golf clubs in India include the Royal Bombay Golf Club, the Bangalore Golf Club, the Shillong Golf Club, etc.

Since the middle half of the twentieth century, the Indian Golf was not being managed in an organised way. Most of the Indian Golf clubs were affiliated to the Royal Calcutta Golf Club (RCGC) at that time. However, during the 1950s, a group of eminent professional Indian Golfers started taking initiatives for a better management of Indian Golf. They felt the need of having a national governing body for Golf in India that would look after all kinds of Golf related activities in India. With a view to serve this purpose, they collectively established the Indian Golf Union (IGU), as the apex body of Golf in India. The IGU started working for the well being of Indian Golf and soon after its formation, a number of state Golf associations also started to come into being in different parts of India.

Management of Golf in India
Indian Golf is currently being managed by the Indian Golf Union and the state Golf associations. They are taking a lot of initiatives to improve the status of Golf in India and also to bring up new talented Golfers from every part of the country. Apart from the IGU and the state Golf associations, the Indian Golf clubs have also played an important role in the development of Golf in India. They have also taken a lot of initiatives to spread the game all over the country. In fact, they are in charge of managing and maintaining the Indian Golf courses situated in different parts of the country.

For more check the link below:

https://www.indianetzone.com/6/golf.htm

Indian Dance Festivals

  

India is a culturally rich country with varied dance forms. Since ancient days dance had been a well accepted performing art and had been reflecting diverse cultural traditions. India presents an amazing variety of dances; certain dances are religious in nature, while others are performed primarily for the purpose of entertainment or marking a festive occasion. The recognition of this performing art has initiated the exponents and admirers to organise a wide range of dance festivals all over the country. History unveils that the Indian dance festivals were even organised in the long gone days of the 'Rajas' and 'Maharajas.' The beginning of these dance festivals was from the temples of India and gradually they were nurtured in the princely courts.

In the ancient days Indian Dance festivals were organised in few temples by the beaurocrats in the departments of culture. Accordingly, dance festivals became a part of temple ceremony. The dance festivals were organised in the temple with a view that dance and temple would come close to each other. The saga of Indian dance festivals continued although the forms changed and even the style altered.

One of the renowned dance festivals to be held in the temples about twenty years ago was the Khajuraho Dance Festival. It was one of the exclusive dance festivals which are still regarded as an outstanding one in modern times. Consequently, Khajuraho dance festival led the way for further preparation of dance festivals in all over the country.

In modern times dance has moved into the auditorium and has been reaching to the mass through various ways. The dance festivals all over the country are organised with an aim to provide platform to both the artistes and the dance experts. In addition to that dance can be dealt as a mode of conveying information. Indian dance festivals became essential as a non verbal communication. Dance has been sending and receiving information and contributes to the social communication.

Thus Indian dance festivals play a fundamental role in communicating, entertaining and enlightening. Furthermore, these dance festivals showcase newer talents and the expertise of the exponents. These cultural festivals also attract tourists who are provided with the opportunity to explore a variety of dance styles. The famous dance festivals of modern India include the Chennai dance and music festival, which is organized every year from the middle of December to mid January. Throughout the festival, renowned artists perform and exhibit their talents.

For more visit the link given below:
https://www.indianetzone.com/40/indian_dance_festivals.htm

Indian Aboriginal Tribes

  

Indian Aboriginal Tribes are the ethnic inhabitants of the country, who have been termed as ‘Scheduled Tribes’ in the Indian Constitution and are scattered throughout India. The aboriginal tribes of India have been following their individual series of ancient traditions, cultures and customs since times immemorial. Presently, they constitute about 105 of the aggregate population of India, numbering over 700 distinct groups.

They reside in various portions of the nation, concentrated towards the Central India, the north-eastern Indian states, the Indian Union Territories and several other parts of India. Some of the native tribes are found concentrated in the belt along the Himalayas stretching through Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh in the west, to Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur, and Nagaland in the northeast. There are no Scheduled Tribes in states like Punjab, Delhi, Chandigarh, Puducherry and Haryana.

Aboriginal Tribes of Northern India
The Jaunsari in Uttarakhand or the Kinnaura in Himachal Pradesh have been enlisted as Scheduled Tribe. They are deprived of basic education and health care facilities which puts them on a back foot. The life, culture, customs, traditions, manners and the heritage of the people of Kinnaura is a world in itself.

Aboriginal Tribes of Central and Western India
The Gondi tribe is one of the aboriginal tribes of central India. The Gondi, or Gond Tribe live across the states of Madhya Pradesh, eastern Maharashtra (Vidarbha), Chhattisgarh, northern Andhra Pradesh, and western Odisha. They make up the largest tribe in Central India.

Bhil Tribe are the native tribes of Central India who are found in the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan in western and central India, as well as in Tripura in far-eastern India, on the border with Bangladesh. The Ghoomar dance is one of the oldest and most popular aspects of Bhil culture.

Aboriginal Tribes of North-Eastern India
In the north-eastern states of Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Nagaland, upward of 90 percent of the population is tribal. The Morans are considered as the aboriginal people of Assam. The Mishing people are an aboriginal tribal group, the second largest tribal group in North- East India, first being the Bodos in Assam.

Aboriginal Tribes of Eastern India
The 'Kol' caste is a generic name for the Munda Tribe, Ho and Oraon tribes who are the aboriginal groups of eastern India. These tribes live in the states of Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal, and spread over into parts of Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Assam and Tripura. The Munda tribe is an aboriginal tribe of Austro-Asiatic physical type and in 1901 they inhabited the Chota Nagpur Division. The majority of the Kol people thought themselves to be Hindus with a syncretism admixture of innovative animistic beliefs. The village community in its ancient structure still exists among the Mundas. The 'Santhal' Tribes are the largest tribal community in India, found mainly in the states of West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Assam and Odisha.

For more visit the link below:

https://www.indianetzone.com/37/indian_aboriginal_tribes.htm

Tourism in Kerala

The sun-kissed beaches, azure waters of the Arabian Sea, serene beaches, emerald backwaters, paddy fields, expansive plantations, boat races, exotic wildlife and Kalari, a martial art form falls short of describing the enchanting charm of Kerala. The origin of the state is steeped in legends of Darikan and Goddess Bhadrakali.

In recent times Kerala has evolved as one of the major tourist destinations in the Indian sub-continent. It is the only Indian state with a hundred percent literacy. It has world-class health care systems which accounts for the lowest infant mortality and highest life expectancy rates of this state. Peaceful and pristine, Kerala is also India's cleanest state. Kerala is wedged between the Laccadive Sea and the Western Ghats. Lying between north latitudes 8°18' and 12°48' and east longitudes 74°52' and 72°22', Kerala is well within the humid equatorial tropics.

Pilgrimage Tourism in Kerala
The tagline Kerela-God's own country has been widely used in Kerala's tourism promotions and soon became synonymous with the state. The never ending stretches of pea green backwaters, copious coconut palms and those gently sloping hills makes Kerala the perfect moment place for holidayers. Amidst these there are a number of ancient temples and shrines which ideally enhances the tourist quotient of the place.

Nature Tourism in Kerala
Situated on the lush and tropical Malabar Coast, Kerala is one of the most popular tourist destinations in India. Often referred to as one of the "ten paradises of the world", Kerala is especially known for its ecotourism initiatives. The curious blend of culture and demographics has made Kerela one of the most popular tourist destinations of the world. Growing at a rate of 13.31%, the state's tourism industry is a major contributor to the economy of the state.

Laced with the blue lagoons and covered with the coconut palms in the coastal areas, nature is indeed at its best In Kerala. The paddy fields glisten with bright green of new shoots, the clear sky teamed with the sapphire luster of the sea makes Kerala a perfect place to rediscover nature.

Leisure Tourism in Kerala
Be it to enjoy the greens or to know the heritage or just to appreciate the surf as one waggles his toes at the white beaches, Kerala is indeed the place to enjoy the leisure time whilst at nature's lap. Echo Point is located at a distance of 15 kilometers from Munnar. This place is perfect for trekking. The fresh air of the mountains and the panoramic view from the mountains will make this adventure sports more interesting. The beaches and the surf are perfect for indulging into water sports as well. Cruises through the backwaters of Kerala are also favorable way of exploring the nooks and corners of the state. Lakshwadeep is also a favorable destination for indulging in the adventure sports. Popular attractions in the state include the beaches at Kovalam, Cherai and Varkala; the hill stations of Nelliampathi, Ponmudi and Wayanad; and national parks and wildlife sanctuaries at Periyar and Eravikulam National Park.

For more visit the link below:

https://www.indianetzone.com/25/kerala_tourism.htm

Sports Awards in India

  

Sports Awards in India are bestowed by the Sports Ministry, Government of India to various sports personalities in different fields for their accomplishments and outstanding performances. Since 2001, the Sports awards are given only in those events that fall under the Olympic Games, Asian Games, Commonwealth Games, World Championship or the World Cup and also in Cricket. These awards are also given for the National level competitions and for Sports intended for the Physically Challenged.

These awards include the Arjuna Award, the Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (MAKA) Trophy, the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award, the Dronacharya Awards and the Dhyan ChandAward. Initially, the Government used to confer these awards to the sportspersons for their performances in all types of competitions. However, from the year 2001, the Sports award is given only in those disciplines that fall under the categories like the Olympic Games or the Asian Games or Commonwealth Games or the World Cup or World Championship disciplines and also in Cricket. These awards are also given for the Indigenous competitions and for the Sports for the Physically Challenged. Some of the most reputed and popular Sports Awards in India are mentioned below-

Dronacharya Award
There is another award in India that is named as the Dronacharya Award and the Government of India instituted this honourable award in the year of 1985. The award is named after the very famous archery coach, mentioned in the epic of India known as the Mahabharata. This very award is not related with the sportspersons who are still playing in the field; instead this is related to those eminent coaches of any particular sport. These coaches are selected by their performance of being successful to train the sportspersons or teams and also help them to achieve the outstanding results in the international competitions. The person, who gets the award, receives a statuette of the great Guru Dronacharya, a scroll of honour, a ceremonial dress and also a cash prize.

Arjuna Award
The Government of India established the Arjuna Awards in India in the year of 1961 for the outstanding performance from the sportspersons in sports and games. The Government has modified the format of Arjuna Award very recently and as per the revised schematic guidelines a sportsperson must have very good consistent performances for the previous 3 years at the international level to be considered as eligible for the Award. The person should also have excellence in his or her respective field of sport for the year for which the Award is recommended he or she should show some extraordinary qualities like the leadership, sportsmanship and a sense of discipline in his or her own field throughout his or her career. The Government gives a statuette of the legendary warrior Arjuna, a scroll of honour, a ceremonial dress and also a cash award of an amount of Rs.3 lakhs to the Awardees.

For more visit the link below:

https://www.indianetzone.com/6/sports_awards_india.htm

Exercises in Naturopathy

  

Exercise in Naturopathy is essential for the maintenance of normal condition of life. Lack of natural exercise is one of the principal causes of weakness and ill health. In recent years, the requirement for exercise has been recognised even in sickness. Exercises are now standard procedures in medicine to refurbish the use of muscles and nerves that have been injured by disease or by accident.

Exercise and Activity
It is vital to make a distinction between exercise and activity. While both are imperative as they are involved in essential physical movement, they differ in degree and benefits. Both make use of the body in voluntary movement. Activity uses the body to a limited degree and normally to achieve a specific purpose. Exercise employs the body over the widest possible range of movement for the particular purpose of maintaining or acquiring muscle tone and control with maximum joint flexibility. Activity requires less physical effort and often less conscious effort once the routine has been established. Exercise demands substantial physical effort and is more advantageous as mental concentration is simultaneously employed.

Methods of Exercise
A number of systems of exercise have been developed over the years, the most well-liked among them being the Swedish system and yoga asanas, the later having been practised from ancient times in India. Whichever system one may choose to take on, the exercises should be performed methodically, on a regular basis and under proper guidance. To be really functional, exercise should be taken in such a manner as to bring into action all the muscles of the body in a natural way. Walking is one such exercise. It is, however, so gentle in character that one must walk several kilometres in a brisk manner to add up to a fair amount of exercise. Other forms of good exercise are swimming, cycling, horse riding, tennis, etc.

For more visit the link below:

https://www.indianetzone.com/48/exercises_naturopathy.htm