Nava Durga

Nava Durga is the nine forms of the Goddess Durga , worshipped during the  Navratri. It is mentioned in the Skandayamala Tantra and Devi Mahatmyam of the Markandeya Purana. ,

Nava Durga of Skandayamala TantraGoddess Durga is worshipped in the form of nine figures. One of them is placed in the middle and the remaining eight figures correspond to the eight points of the Shailaputri compass.

Nava Durga of Devi Mahatmyam
The Devi Mahatmyam describes the Nava Durgas in a different way from the Skandayamala Tantra. These have been described below:


Shailaputri: Shailaputri is the 1st among Nava Durga. Her worship takes place on the first day of Navratri.  Her emblem is mount Nandi, a bull.

Brahmacharini: Brahmacharini is worshipped on the second day of Navratri. She is seated over the red lotus and has a goose as her vehicle.


    Chandraghanta: Chandraghanta is the third form of Goddess Durga.  She has a semi circular moon that looks like a bell.
Kushmanda: Kushmanda is the fourth Goddess in the series of Nava Durgas. She forms the solar system projecting her power to Lord Surya.

   Skandamata: Skandamata possesses four hands.  The fourth hand is in Varada Mudra. She is worshipped on the fifth day of Navratri. The lion is her vehicle.
Katyayani: Katyayani is the sixth form of Goddess Durga.  she has emerged from the hermitage of the Sage Katyayana. She is also known as ‘Vindhyavasini’ as she had resided in the Vindhya mountain range.

Kalaratri: Kalaratri is the seventh form of Goddess Durga The Goddess is said to be the destroyer of ghosts, spirits and other demonic powers.
Mahagauri: Mahagauri is the eighth form of Goddess Durga.  She is the consort of Lord Shiva, popularly known as Parvati. She is regarded as the daughter of Daksha.

Siddhidatri: Siddhidatri is the ninth and the last Goddess of the Nava Durga. The Goddess is seated on a lotus and has four hands.

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Seshendra Sharma, Telugu Poet

Seshendra Sharma was one of the most outstanding Telugu Poet of modern Asia. He was the second person to have been nominated for the Nobel Literature Prize, after Rabindranath Tagore.

Seshendra Sharma, better known as ‘Seshendra’ was a Telugu poet, critic and litterateur. He was a colossus of Modern Indian poetry. His literature is a unique blend of the best of poetry and poetics.

Early Life of Seshendra Sharma
Seshendra Sharma was born on 20 October 1927 to his parents, G. Subrahmanyam Sharma and Ammaayamma. He spent his childhood in his ancestral home in Totapalli Guduru, Nellore District of Andhra Pradesh.


Personal Life of Seshendra Sharma
Seshendra Sharma was married to Janaki. The couple had two girls and two boys; Vasundhara, Revathi, Vanamaali and Saatyaki. in 1970, he entered in a romantic relationship with Indira Devi Dhanrajgir, an Indo-Anglican poet.

Works of Seshendra Sharma
Seshendra Sharma’s first work in print appeared in 1952 which was a translation of Matthew Arnold’s "Sohrab and Rustum". In the beginning, he focused mainly on poetry and occasionally worked on literary criticism.


He is well known for his works "Naa Desam, Naa Prajalu" and "Kaala Rekha".

Poems by Seshendra Sharma

Achievements of Seshendra Sharma
The following are the awards and accolades received by Seshendra Sharma for his immense contribution to Telugu Literature: ‘Sahitya Akademi Award’ for his work ‘Kaala Rekha’ in 1994. ‘Sahitya Akademi Award’ for his work ‘Kaala Rekha’ in 1994.

Death of Seshendra Sharma
Seshendra Sharma died on 30 May 2007. He lived with Indira Devi Dhanrajgir at her Gyanbagh Palace till his death.

In 1970, he entered in a romantic relationship with Indira Devi Dhanrajgir, an Indo-Anglican poet.

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Navaratri, Indian Festival

Navaratri is a colourful Indian festival of the worship of Devi Durga during the nine festive nights.

Navaratri is a Hindu festival celebrated every year in the month of October, according to the Hindu calendar.

Concept of Ardhanarishvara
This is the core Concept of Ardhanarishvara, in the religious parlance. The manner in which the origin of things operates in this world and our religious interpretation of this cosmic activity is in the form of the worship of Shiva or the worship of Shakti.
Dedication to Goddess Durga
Navaratri is dedicated to the goddess of Power, Durga. In ancient mythology, it is alleged that gods contributed Devi Durga with ten deadly weapons to save the world from evil in her battle with Asura.

Celebration of Navaratri
Navaratri comes twice a year, the Sukhla paksha(waxing moon) of the lunar month of Ashwin , being the first, in September or October in the

 Autumn, and the second occurs during the first nine days of the bright two weeks of the Sukla Paksha of the lunar month of Chaitra, in mid March to mid April, the Spring time.
Gods worshipped in Navaratri
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Lata Mangeshkar, Indian Playback Singer

Lata Mangeshkar is India’s most known and respected female play back singer and music composer from India . She with her mesmerizing voices captivated millions of hearts.


Lata Mangeshkar is the second Indian vocalist to have been awarded the Bharat Ratna, the nation's highest civilian honour.

Lata Mangeshkar has also been honoured with the prestigious Yash Chopra Memorial award by Manish
Tewari, the current Information and Broadcasting Minister on 19th October, 2013.

Early Life of Lata Mangeshkar
Lata was born in Indore, in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh on 28th September, 1929 into a middle-class Maharashtrian family. She was the first born child.

Early Career of Lata Mangeshkar
Lata Mangeshkar's first music lessons were imbibed from Dinanath Mangeshkar, her father. She worked as an actress in certain musical plays directed
by her father, at the tender age o f five. The plays were known as 'Sangeet Natak' in Marathi language.

Achievements of Lata Mangeshkar
The songs sung by Lata Mangeshkar have been applauded across the globe, particularly for the brilliant quality of her voice and her perfection displayed.
Singing Career of Lata Mangeshkar during 1950's Singing Career of Lata Mangeshkar during 1960's

Singing Career of Lata Mangeshkar during 1980's and 1990's 
During this time period, Lata Mangeshkar's career consisted of songs which made her work with music directors like Shiv-Hari, Ram-Laxman in films like 'Ye Kesa Farz' (1985), 'Maine Pyar Kiya' (1989), etc.

Lata Mangeshkar has won several awards and honours Padma Bhushan (1969),Padma Vibhushan (1999), Dada Saheb Phalke Awards (1989),(1997), Bharat Ratna (2001),

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Weight Loss, Naturopathy

Weight Loss is a decrease in body weight resulting from either voluntary or involuntary circumstances. The loss may be the result of a change in diet or life-style or a febrile disease.


Weight loss refers to the loss of total body mass in an effort to improve fitness, health, and/or appearance.

weight loss for the purposes of maintaining health should aim to lose fat while conserving muscle and fluid.

Unintentional Weight Loss
Unintentional weight loss is generally triggered by menstruation, hormonal changes and diseases or medications.

Benefits of Weight Loss
A healthy weight loss is quite beneficial for the body, since  medical practitioners always state that obesity fuels the risk of several fatal maladies.
One can avert the risks associated with high blood pressure, stroke, heart ailments, type 2 diabetes, back ache, osteoarthritis and numerous other diseases.


Weight Loss Methods
With the growing need of controlling weight and to shed off those extra pounds various weight loss methods have become largely popular.

Weight Management
Weight Management strives to help individual combat excess weight and maintain a healthy lifestyle while improving quality of life.A balanced weight management program brings together three critical components of long-term weight management success: nutrition, exercise and lifestyle change.

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History of India

History of India is extensive collection of evidences and sources narrated from the Indus Valley civilisation till Indian independence movement.
History of India is believed to be amongst the grandest epics of the world history which dates back to ancient periods, nearly above 75, 000 years ago.

Pre-Historic Period of India
Sources of history of India such as coins and coinage, manuscripts and ancient texts narrate the story of creation of the country. Lead, copper, bronze and tin handicrafts were produced during this time.

Early Historic Period of India
During the period from 1500 to 500 BCE, the Vedic Period existed which introduced the 'Indo-Aryan' culture to India that comprised Vedic texts, composed in Sanskrit language.

This period also consists of the 'Golden Age of India', the regime of the mighty Gupta Empire which dates from 320 to 550 CE. The country excelled in spheres of religion, philosophy, mathematics, literature, arts, astronomy, science and technology and Hindu culture.

Medieval History of India
The Delhi Sultanate rose in power during the 12th and 13th centuries, wherein the
former Slave Dynasty, Delhi captured enormous areas of land in northern India and Khilji Dynasty conquered large tracts of central India.

Post-Mughal History of India
India, during the post-Mughal period was ruled by the Marathas who rose to power quickly after the Mughals by 18th century, thanks to Shivaji, the legendary Maratha ruler of the Bhonsles.

Modern History of India
Indo-European trade commenced in India following the discovery a sea route to the nation by Vasco da Gama in 1498. Portuguese, British and Dutch arrived and the Jahangir permitted British East India Company to carry out commercial activities here.

A saga of political, social and cultural upheavals led to the Indian independence movement.

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Indian Fashion

Indian Fashion has become a growing industry with international events and
annual shows by various fashion designers in India.

Indian Fashion is a vibrant scene, a rising industry and a colourful and glamorous world where designers and models start new trends every day.

Fashion in India covers a whole range of clothing from ornate clothes designed for wedding ceremonies to sports welar and casual wear.

Traditional Indian techniques of embroidery such as Chikan, crewel and Zardozi, and traditional weaves and fabrics have been used by Indian designers to create Indo-western clothing in a fusion of the best of East and West.

Vintage Fashion in India
Ancient Indian fashion garments generally use no stitching although Indians knew about sewing. The traditional Dhoti, the Uttariya

Designers in Indian Fashion
A fashion designer is celebrated for his or her creativity.Fashion designers such as Ritu Kumar, Ritu Beri, Rohit Bal, Rina Dhaka, Tarun Tahiliani, J. J. Valaya and Manish Malhotra are some of the well known fashion designers in India.

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