
The various qualities that are required - repose, firmness, persistence, involvement, harmony, gravitation- are all present in the sound of the drone instruments of the tambura. To take an objective view, the Indian musician listens to the tambura endowing these qualities to it from himself as a response in resonance. The tambura sound acts as a signal for such responses in the Indian musicians. The context aspects of a raaga as developed during a performance are enhanced by the signalling sound of the tambura. This "basic" note is just a steady note, but a referential note, and a point of departure to be consciously undertaken for the flight of imagination.
In all melodic music, in the primitive, ethnic as well as folk expression, the basic note is the note of prime importance. It is the central point of reference. In India during and after the period of Bharata's Natyashastra, melodic music went through certain phases of evolution, viz. music as jati-gana, as raaga-jati gana and still later as raaga-gana giving greater emphasis or importance to the sadja grama and to the sadja, the very basis of melody. In earlier association with primitive music, ritual dance and magic, music must have played its role along with the incessant and repetitive rhythms of the drum as nerve medicine (as tranquillizer or exciter) or as an instrument of trance.
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