Ashtanga Ayurveda deals with the eight branches of Ayurvedic specialization. In accordance with Charaka Samhita, a scientific creation of Charaka, the science of Ayurveda is divided into eight different parts, collectively known as Ashtanga Ayurveda. These eight branches are as follows:1. Kayachikitsa or Internal Medicine
2. Shalya Tantra or Surgery
3. Shalakya Tantra or ENT and Opthalmology
4. Kaumara Bhritya or Paediatrics
5. Agad Tantra or Toxicology
6. Bhutavidya or Psychiatry
7. Rasayana or Geriatrics
8. Vajikarana or Eugenics and Aphrodisiacs
Kayachikitsa or Internal Medicinal Treatment: This methodology corresponds to the general medicine therapy which is required to treat chronic diseases, namely tuberculosis, asthma or general health ailments like, fever or even mania. It covers specialities like pathology, cardiology or neurology also.
Shalya Tantra: It deals with treatment of diseases caused by foreign bodies and diseases that need surgical therapies. It is carried out only for diseases, which cannot be cured by medicines. In Sushruta’s version of Shalya Tantra surgery was done with Yantra (blunt surgical instruments), Shastra (sharp tools), Kshara (bio-chemical substances), Agni (cauterization by blood-coagulation and tissue-destruction) for removing harmful foreign bodies.
Shalakya Tantra: This Ayurvedic subdivision of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) and Opthalmology (Eye) handles all problems of the ear, nose, throat, tongue and eyes. Sushruta has described about 72 diseases of the eye. His unique way of conducting surgery in cataracts and other eyes, nose and ear dysfunctions, amazes the modern medical science of the posterity.
Kaumarabhrutya or Paediatrics: This is the Ayurvedic section of Paediatrics which deals with nourishment, support and maintenance of child and cures child diseases.
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