Bihar, a state in the eastern part of India, is known for its rich cultural heritage and vibrant traditions. The festivals celebrated in Bihar are a reflection of its diverse and pluralistic society. These festivals not only bring people together but also serve as a testament to the deep-rooted religious and cultural beliefs of the region.
One of the most widely celebrated festivals in Bihar is Chhath Puja. This ancient Hindu festival is dedicated to the Sun God, and it holds immense significance for the people of Bihar. Celebrated with great fervor and devotion, Chhath Puja usually takes place six days after Diwali. During this festival, devotees offer prayers to the setting and rising sun, seeking blessings for the well-being and prosperity of their families. The rituals involve fasting, rigorous bathing, and offering arghya (offerings) to the Sun God. The banks of rivers, ponds, and other water bodies in Bihar come alive with devotees performing the Chhath rituals, creating a spiritual ambiance.
Sama Chakeva is another unique festival celebrated predominantly in Bihar. This festival revolves around the love and bond between a brother and a sister. Also known as the "Birds' Marriage," it involves the creation of clay images of birds, symbolizing the bond between brothers and sisters. The festival signifies the importance of familial ties and is celebrated with enthusiasm, especially in rural areas.
The Sonepur Cattle Fair is one of the largest and oldest cattle fairs in Asia, held in the town of Sonepur in Bihar. This month-long fair commences on Kartik Purnima and attracts people from far and wide. Apart from trading cattle, the fair also features various cultural events, folk performances, and a wide array of handicrafts and traditional products. The fair provides a platform for the exchange of agricultural practices and fosters economic activities in the region.
Bula Festival, celebrated in the winter months, is a significant cultural event in Bihar. It is primarily observed by the tribal communities, showcasing their vibrant traditions through dance, music, and traditional rituals. The festival creates a colorful spectacle, bringing together various tribal communities and providing a platform for them to celebrate and showcase their cultural identity.
Ram Navami, marking the birth of Lord Rama, is celebrated with great devotion in Bihar. The day is observed with prayers, bhajans, and recitation of scriptures narrating the life of Lord Rama. Temples and homes are adorned, and processions are organized to commemorate the auspicious occasion.
Shravani Mela, held in the month of Shravan (July-August), is an annual pilgrimage that draws millions of devotees to the town of Deoghar in Bihar. Devotees undertake a rigorous journey, often covering hundreds of kilometers on foot, to offer holy water from the Ganges at the Baidyanath Jyotirlinga temple. The pilgrimage signifies the devotion of the worshippers and the religious significance attached to the month of Shravan. Jat Jatin dance is one of the main attractions of this festival. It is a couple dance, performed by young women.
Festivals of Bihar weave a tapestry of tradition,
spirituality, and cultural diversity. Each festival holds a unique place in the
hearts of the people, fostering a sense of unity and communal harmony. As the
people of Bihar celebrate these festivals with unwavering devotion, they not
only preserve their cultural heritage but also contribute to the rich tapestry
of India's diverse and pluralistic traditions.
Traditional Dresses of Bihar: Costumes of Bihar embody the rich cultural heritage of the state. Men don traditional outfits such as the Dhoti Mirjai, Kurta and Pajama, and Sherwani, while women grace themselves with elegant sarees. Lehengas, also known as ghagra choli, are worn by women on festive occasions.
